Ozljeda bijele tvari i perinatalni infarkt kod nedonoščadi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13112/pc.1186Ključne riječi:
Bijela tvar; Dojenče, nedonošče; Leukomalacija, periventrikularna; Moždani udarSažetak
Ozljeda bijele tvari (OBT), prije poznata kao periventrikularna leukomalacija, glavni je uzrok cerebralne paralize i neurokognitivnih deficita kod prijevremeno rođene djece, posebno onih rođenih prije 32. tjedna trudnoće. Glavni rizični čimbenici su hipoksija-ishemija te infekcija ili upalni odgovor. Ozljede se dijele na makroskopske cistične, mikroskopske cistične i difuzne necistične, pri čemu danas dominira difuzni tip, koji je više povezan s kognitivnim i bihevioralnim nego motoričkim problemima. Dijagnoza se postavlja ultrazvukom ili MRI-jem, a istraživanja traže nove tretmane i prenatalne markere ozljede.
Perinatalni moždani udari su cerebrovaskularni poremećaji koji se javljaju u mozgu u razvoju od 20. tjedna trudnoće do 28 dana nakon rođenja. Ovdje dajemo pregled različitih oblika perinatalnog moždanog udara kod nedonoščadi, ispitujemo potencijalne čimbenike rizika, kliničke manifestacije i pristupe liječenju te završavamo raspravom o ishodima i strategijama usmjerenima na poboljšanje kvalitete života pogođene djece i njihovih obitelji.
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